English 9 Unit 12 Three Days to See

UNIT 12

THREE DAYS TO SEE

TEXT

1. Sometimes, I have thought that it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with gentleness, vigour, and a keenness of appreciation which is often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the epicurean motto of "eat, drink, and be merry" but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death.

2. In stories, the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but almost always his sense of values is changed. He becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life and its permanent spiritual values. It has often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do.

3. Perhaps I can best illustrate by imagining what I should most like to see if I was  given the use of my eyes, say for just three days.

4. On the first day, I should want to see the people whose kindness, gentleness and companionship have made my life worth living.

5. The next day - the second day of sight -1 should arise with the dawn and see the thrilling miracle by which night is transformed into day. I should behold with awe the magnificent panorama of life with which the sun awakens the sleeping earth.

6. This day I should devote to a hasty glimpse of the world, past and present. I should want to see the pageant of man's progress, the kaleidoscopic of the ages. How can so much be compressed into one day? Through the museums, of course?

7. The following morning I should greet the dawn, anxious to discover, new delights, for I am sure that, for those who have eyes which really see, the dawn of each day must be perfectly new revelation of beauty. This according to the terms of my miracle is to be my third and last day of sight.

8. I shall have no time to waste in regret for longing; there is so much to see. The first day I devoted to my friends, animate and inanimate. The second revealed to me the history of man and nature. Today I shall spend in the workaday world of the present, amid the haunts of men going about the business of life. And where can one find so many activities and conditions of men as in New York? So the city becomes my destination.

9. Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently, I was visited by a very good friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, I asked her what she had observed. "Nothing in particular," she replied. I might have been incredulous had I not been accustomed to such responses, for long ago I became convinced that the seeing see little.

10. How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour in the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see can find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch. I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough shaggy bark of a pine. In spring, I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud, the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter's sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel

A. Answer the following:

1. Who was Helen Keller?

2. Describe the thought expressed by the author in the first paragraph.

3. What makes you feel that the author is sad and depressed?

4. How do you get an impression that Hellen Keller was a great admirer of Nature?

5. People who are deprived of sight not devoid of imagination. Discuss, referring to the text.

6. "To me the pageant of seasons is an unending drama", Comment.

B. Encircle the option that relates to the text.

i) apparently means

a) obviously         b) as it appears      c) clearly

ii) manifold means

a) different types  b) many layers       c) an object

iii) quiver means

a) to demonstrate b) to shake slightly c) to act amusingly

A. Complete the following conditionals.

1. If I were the education minister 

2. If you had a degree  

3. you would get first position

4. If he stopped smoking 

5. We could win the match

C. Match the halves to make complete sentences.

If you had not drunk water from that well your teeth would go bad.

If you eat sweets all the time you might hit somebody's head.

If you don't use a mosquito net you may fa II off.

If you don't keep food in the fridge you may catch malaria.

If you cycle with things in your hand it will go bad in hot weather.

If you wave the stick in the air you wouldn't have fallen in.

E. Identify and write the simple, compound and complex sentence in the given column.

He came to see me, but I was not present at home.

She wrote an article in the newspaper.

We shall die one day or the other for we are immortal.

They finished the work in time.

My mother always prays for my success.

They serve God well who serve His creatures.

I called him but he gave me no answer.

A guest who stays a long time is not welcomed.

I soon returned home because I was upset.

F. Identify hyphens and dashes in the following sentences and mark in the relevant box.

1. The injured woman is thirty-five years old.

2. You are the friend - the only friend - who offered to help me.

3. This is very important-are you listening to me?

4. Samina ate three-quarters of a large size pizza.

5. Mr. Aziz is a well-known person in town.

6. We went to USA- and met a very old friend there.

7. My neighbour wanted us - my daughter, my son and me - to meet her

guests.

8. My great-grandfather owned a big house in his home town.

English 9 Unit 11 Noise in the Environment

UNIT 11

Noise in the Environment

1. Noise pollution is defined as any form of noise that disrupts the normal functioning of life. If left unchecked, it can have serious effects on the mind and body of humans as well as animals.

2. Noise pollution is one of the biggest sources of discomfort, stress and nuisance in Pakistan. In urban areas and big cities, noise pollution has reached dangerous level. For instance, a survey by the Punjab Environmental Protection Agency claims that the level of noise in Lahore has reached 91 decibels whereas a maximum of 75 decibels is acceptable. This means that the mental and physical health of so many people is already at risk.

3. The major causes of noise pollution in Pakistan are road traffic construction sites, careless use of electronic appliances and loud speech patterns. Noise coming from different modes of transport, i.e. vehicles, airplanes, trains, ships, proves to be highly stressful for human communities. With the population growth and development in urban areas, the vehicular traffic has also multiplied. This has given rise to immense noise pollution, largely in the form of unwarranted honking by drivers, Also, the mushroom growth of residential colonies near airports and railway stations has exposed residents to permanent and unavoidable source of noise pollution.

4. Another source of noise pollution in urban areas is the work on construction sites. Construction work in urban areas is usually slow and time-consuming. The transport and equipment used at construction sites, its grilling and piercing sound is a big source of noise pollution. It not only disturbs the general public but also affects construction workers by causing mental fatigue.

5. Use of technology is another cause of noise pollution. For example, unmonitored use of mobile phones, electricity generators, music systems and TV, all become irritants from time to time. People usually do not switch off their mobiles or put them on silent modes when they enter offices, hospitals, schools and colleges. They also use electricity generators excessively in residential areas and put other residents ill at ease. Moreover, listening to loud music or TV on a loud volume is another source of noise pollution. For this, people need to develop some civic responsibility so that others may not be in trouble because of these careless actions.

6. Noise pollution causes not only environmental damage but it also has a negative impact on human health. It can cause aggression, hypertension, high stress levels, hearing loss, restlessness, depression and insomnia. Insomnia can further lead to anxiety, bad temper and emotional stress. In addition, noise pollution can seriously affect the learners. This gives them unnecessary mental and physical tension.

7. In Pakistan, there is a dire need to bring down the noise levels, coming from different sources. The government must gear up and utilize various means to control unwarranted noise levels. For example, the Punjab Environment Protection Agency recommends around 55 decibels of noise level in residential colonies and 75 decibels in commercial areas. These figures must be strictly enforced by the government. Furthermore, the government should ensure smooth traffic flow, block noise emitting vehicles from roads, use noise barriers where necessary, and expedite construction work to minimize noise pollution. Also, the residential societies should come forward, frame and enforce rules in their areas to check unnecessary noise producing agents. Offices, hospitals and academic institutions should strictly prohibit the use of mobile phones on campuses for better noise management. Moreover, people should be discouraged to speak loudly in these areas.

8. Noise pollution is a serious issue and needs more attention at local and state level. People must develop more awareness about the dangerous impact of noise on human health. It is, therefore, a need to acquire more civic sense and responsible attitude to avoid the unnecessary use of this irritant in the environment. Only then our country would be a much quieter and much more peaceful place to live in.

B. Answer the following questions.

1. How do you define noise pollution?

2. How is transport a source of noise pollution?

3. How is construction work a cause of noise pollution?

4. How is use of technology causing noise pollution?

5. Why is noise dangerous for human health?

6. What kind of precautions may reduce noise coming from electronic devices?

A. Write the synonyms of the following words.

disrupts

rapid

unmonitored

nuisance

piercing

B. Read the sentences and insert appropriate transitional devices in the blanks given below.

1. It was announced that doctors' salaries would be increased, doctors ended their strike.

a. as a result         b. certainly           c. and

2. Amjad is an excellent teacher. he explains the subject matter very well and makes sure that all students understand the concepts.

a. consequently    b. meanwhile        c. for example

3. Amina speaks English very well. 1 she does not assist her friends in learning to speak English.

a. however            b. further              c. thus

4. The government has levied more taxes. the salary structure has not been improved.

a. in fact               b. but                    c. hence

5. Salma is a good speaker. she also writes very well.

a. in addition        b. consequently      c. next

C. Underline Adverb Clauses in the following sentences. Also encircle the subordinating conjunctions.

1. You may sit wherever you like.

2. He will pass if he works hard.

3. We shall wait here until you come.

4. I did not buy it because it was very expensive.

5. Do it before you forget

D. Supply suitable Adverb Clauses.

1. Nobody likes him .

2. She sings exactly .

3. I will not go out .

4. It shall remain .

5. I spoke to his brother.

E. Use the following Subordinating Conjunctions in sentences

since, unless, though, while, as, when, after

F. Identify and write these clauses in the relevant columns of the table.

1. Asif plays hockey as he enjoys it.

2. Shazia could not catch the bus because she was late.

3. Ali could not finish the Mathematics test on time although he knew all the sums.

4. Arifa quickly ate her lunch as she was very hungry.

5. Harris is back from work so he must take rest.

6. You must work hard if you want to succeed in life.

G. Read the following sentences and tick the right adverbial clause given in brackets.

1. The train left the station as Asad arrived. (Adverbial clause of place,

adverbial clause of time)

2. You can put it wherever vou like, (adverbial clause of place, adverbial

clause of reason)

3. After the thief had stolen money, he left home quickly. (Adverbial clause of

time, adverbial clause of manner)

4. He was very pleased that you have passed. (Adverbial clause of place,

adverbial clause of reason)

5. He failed because he did not work hard. (Adverbial clause of reason,

adverbial clause of place)

H. Mark the sentences as correct or incorrect. Put a comma to make the sentence correct.

1. Because Aliya missed her school bus she was late for her school.

2. After Kalim comes home he will take you to the book shop.

3. The class will have the swimming lesson if the instructor comes tomorrow.

4. When it rains III bring an umbrella to school.

5. Although Mr. Asif was sick, he went to work.

English 9 Unit 10 Drug Addiction

UNIT 10

Drug Addiction

1. Drug addiction is a common problem all over the world today. There are many forms of drug addiction, but the most dangerous of all is the absolute dependence on it. Long-term use of drugs causes permanent mental and physical sickness. The more dangerous a substance is used the more risky it becomes. Its continuous use causes total dependence on the drug. Some kinds of drugs that cause disturbance of mind and body are heroin, marijuana, tobacco, Valium, cocaine and alcohol.

2. Drug addiction is caused by environmental factors. A few important environmental factors that may cause drug addiction are bad peer influence and troubled domestic background. When young people remain in bad company and do experiments in the name of adventure, they may fall a prey to addiction. The people who are dissatisfied and discontented with their lives may also resort to drug addiction in order to seek an escape from responsibilities of life.

3. The most important measure to be taken in this regard is the rehabilitation and recovery of a drug addict. In many countries, including Pakistan, addicts, their families and friends consider it a taboo to share their problem with others. They feel embarrassed to talk about it for fear of being declared an outcast. This not only makes the cure difficult but in most cases the addicts die due to lack of timely treatment and counselling.

4. Rehabilitation centres are the best places for the control and recovery process. These centres look after them. Complete medical support and guidance is provided to these people in these centres. Drug abusers, therefore, must be taken to proper and certified rehabilitation centres where proper treatment and cure is available for them. However, this involves rapid identification of the problem of drug addiction and total cooperation of the victims with the team of these centres.

5. The other factor that contributes in rehabilitation of the drug victim is proper counselling. The sooner it is done the better it is for the victim. The counselling process must continue even after the drug abuser is rehabilitated because of the dangers of a relapse. Doctors, family and friends must continue to critically watch and counsel the victim for better motivation and adjustment.

6. Drug addiction is really a very serious threat to any society. In Pakistan alone, there are almost five million drug addicts. Addicts undergo numerous economic, social and health problems. The governments all over the world have been trying to eliminate drug addiction from society but still more efforts are needed to completely wipe it out. This can only be made possible if the people become increasingly aware of the threats that drugs pose. They should vow firmly to live a healthy and meaningful life.

COMPREHENSION

A. Answer the following questions.

1. What are the effects of drug addiction?

2. What are the causes of drug addiction?

3. What important role do rehabilitation centres play to control drug addiction?

4. What is the role of counselling in preventing drug addiction?

5. Why do families feel reluctant to take the drug victims to drug rehabilitation centers?

6. What are the responsibilities of the families to ensure complete recovery of such patients?

No.    Words from text            Guessed meaning           Dictionary meaning

1        long-term

2        dependence

3        peer

4        outcast

5        rapid

6        rehabilitation

7        critically

A. Use 'who, whom, that, which, whose' in the following sentences.

1. These are the colour pencils I want to buy.

2. I know the woman child was hurt.

3. The old lady we met in the shop was Amina's grandmother.

4. This is the girl stood first in the class.

5. Shazia likes the candies her father brought from the market.

6. Anwar no one listened to was right.

B. Use the following relative pronouns in sentences,

who, which, that, whom, whose

C. Underline Adjective Clauses in the following sentences. Also encircle the relative pronouns.

1. He tells a tale that sounds untrue.

2. People who eat too much die early.

3. I met the woman whose son helped me.

4. He is the man whom we all respect.

5. I have work which l must do.

D. Supply suitable Adjective Clauses.

1. Where is the book?

2. Any student     will be punished,

3. The umbrella    is mine.

4. That is the girl

5. Where is the man

English 9 Unit 9 All is not Lost

Unit 9

All is not lost

1.       It was the beginning of my profession as a nurse. I worked in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of neurology ward. As a young professional, I wished to save the world. I was excited to see patients making quick recoveries from devastating accidents, yet I was pained to nurse those who were struck with acute neurological disorder.

2.       One day, standing at the bedside of a young bus-accident victim, I wondered if she could make the same recovery as others. Hira had received severe head and spinal injuries as she was hit by a speeding bus while crossing a busy road. I took her lifeless arms in my hands and tried to do several exercises on her but in vain. Also, I made her younger sister come and talk to her, thinking that the voice of a near and dear one might activate the nearly dead neurons. She could see but not talk. Her eyes showed a certain helplessness. I could read her mind through her eyes. Perhaps she wanted to say, “Please help me.”

3.       A fellow nurse came near me and asked, “Rahila, what are you doing? Fighting a lost battle?” I was shocked at first to hear a colleague making a hopeless comment. Then I replied, “I’m trying to make her brain process her sister’s voice. Also, I am doing my best to ensure that her arms and legs get proper exercise. This might help her walk like a normal person.” Meanwhile, a senior doctor on duty, walked in. He gave me an ironic smile and said, “If you spend most of your duty hours on one patient, we will have to recruit more nurses to attend to other patients. Please go and see other patients. We do not have much hope for her. I don’t think that she can ever walk again”.

4.       I was upset. The advice to leave the patient unattended did not seem right. I knew that she had suffered from major neural damage, but she needed to be given a chance. An inner voice somewhere within me spoke, “Try once for her.”

5.       I went to the senior nurse and told her that I wanted to help this patient and work with her more closely. The senior nurse looked at me with utter surprise and remarked that she had orders from the doctor in-charge to shift her to the general ward. The doctors thought that she was a hopeless case and the bed must be spared for other patients. I was shocked to hear this. The patient’s family also requested me to help them fight the case.

Something needed to be done. I could not leave my patient fighting a lost battle on her own. I made up my mind to risk my career and help the patient. I requested the senior doctors to allow me to attend to this young helpless patient. Somehow, I was able to make the patient stay in the ICU.

6.       I continued to work on Hira. But she was not making much recovery. I felt as helpless as she was to see her lie on bed in a miserable state. Could I be able to justify my stance before the senior doctors? I did not lose hope. I continued to work with patience and kept doing exercises with her. Gradually, I could see her making a slight recovery. One day, I was thrilled to see her lift her little finger. All was not lost!

7.       I was sent on a three months’ training course to Karachi. I made all possible attempts to leave my patient in good hands. I returned after three months to see my patient’s bed taken up by another. My feet froze to the ground. I did not have the courage to ask, “What happened?”

As I stood near the bed with several questions popping in my mind, I felt a gentle pat on my shoulder. I turned around to see a young woman, smiling at me.

“Are you looking for your patient?” she said and gave me a big hug.

"Thank you for everything you did! I know you did not allow them to make me lead a crippled life."

8.       I stood still, until her family came around with big smiles on their faces. Thanks to Allah, she was my patient, standing and walking on her own feet. I could not recognize her without the machinery and tubes around her body.

9.       She walked on crutches, which she would leave in a few months. I was so glad that I had done those exercises on her to keep her limbs in motion. I was glad that my efforts bore fruit. But most of all, I was happy that Allah Almighty had helped me win a lost battle.

10.     She and her family had entered into a considerable bond of friendship with me. I was humbled by their sense of gratitude towards me. I felt a sense of renewed strength in me. 'Where there is a will there is a way.' I was proud to be a nurse.

A. Answer the following questions.

1. Why did the nurse ask Hira's sister to come and talk to her?

2. Why did the nurse disagree with the doctor's point of view?

3. Why did the nurse ask herself the question: "Was it worthwhile to oppose and fight the decision of senior and more qualified surgeons?"

4. Describe some qualities of the nurse in the story.

5. Why did the nurse say: "Where there is a will there is a way"?

B. Rearrange these sentences in correct sequence.

1. We do not have much hope for her.

2. As a young professional, I wished to save the world.

3. I could not leave my patient fighting a lost battle on her own.

4. I was proud to be a nurse.

5. One day I was thrilled to see her lift her little finger. All was not lost!

6. The advice to leave the patient unattended did not seem right.

7. We do not have much hope for her.

8. One day, standing at the bedside of a young bus-accident victim, I wondered if she could make the same recovery as others.

A. Match column A with column B.

Column A            Column B

beside                   prove myself right

ironic                    decided

made up               at the side of

justify my stance conveying opposite sense

D. Use the following words in sentences first as verb and then as noun.

care, walk, surprise, request, need, state

A. Rewrite the following paragraph. Put in article "a" "an" "the" to replace>where necessary.

'Where there is > will there is > way' is > famous proverb. Many > wise men

has approved it. It is > altogether wrong notion to ignore it. > people who

adopt this fine > principle, find > ultimate victory. > man who does not >

upon this rule cannot succeed in > life. What > lesson it has > for all of us!

B. Recapitulate your previous knowledge about Direct and Indirect Narration and answer the following questions.

1. Can you identify the tenses of the reported speech of above examples?

2. What are the rules to change direct statements into indirect statements?

3. What are the rules to change interrogative sentences?

4. What are the rules to change imperative sentences into indirect speech?

D. Change the narration of the following sentences.

1. He said to him, "What are you reading?

2. He said' "You have made a mistake."

3. She said, "Do not waste your time."

4. He said to me, "Will you watch drama tonight?

5. She said to her sister, "Please listen to me."

E. Complete the sentences given below with the given compound prepositions.

along with, according to, in front of, away from, because of .instead of

1. my teacher, it is a great book.

2. He had to retire ill health.

3. I am standing the school building.

4. He is coming his friends.

5. I am my home right now.

6. He left for Sialkot Lahore.

7. He couldn't attend the seminar his brother's marriage.

F. Write the Past Perfect Continuous form of verb in brackets.

1. Saleem was sitting on the chair, out of breath. He (run).

2. We (walk) along the road for 20 minutes when a car stopped and the driver offered    us a lift.

3. I (do) my homework for two hours when my friend came.

4. They (take) exercise since morning.

5. The patient (cry) with pain for two hours when the doctor arrived.

English 9 Unit 8 Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

STOPPING BY WOODS ON A SNOWY EVENING

Robert Frost (1874 - 1963)

 Poem Text

Whose woods these are I think I know.

His house is in the village though;

He will not see me stopping here

To watch his woods fill up with snow.

My little horse must think it queer              5

To stop without a farmhouse near

Between the woods and frozen lake

The darkest evening of the year.

He gives his harness bells a shake             

To ask if there is some mistake.                 10

The only other sound’s the sweep

Of easy wind and downy flake.

The woods are lovely, dark and deep,

But I have promises to keep,

And miles to go before I sleep,                   15

And miles to go before I sleep. 

EXERCISES SOLUTION: POEM 

A. Answer the following questions.

1. Who is the speaker in the poem?

2. Whom does the speaker refer to in the first stanza of the poem?

3. Why does the speaker stop on ‘the darkest evening of the year'?

4. Why does the horse impatiently await the next move of his master?

5. The speaker in the poem is captivated by the beauty of nature. Why doesn't he               stop for long to enjoy nature's beauty?

D. Identify alliterations and metaphors in the poem.

E. Paraphrase the following.

The woods are lovely, dark and deep,

But I have promises to keep,

And miles to go before I sleep,

And miles to go before I sleep.

 A. Here are some words opposite in meaning. Match the columns.

          Column A            Column B

village                   melt

stopping               water

snow                    silence

frozen                   city

darkest                 shallow

sound                   moving

downy                  hard

deep                     brightest

B. Circle the correct option.

i. The poem is suggestive of profound thoughts about

a. a scene of woods in winter

b. reality of life and death

c. a song of enjoyment

ii. The poem presents a conflict between

a. poet and his friend

b. obligations of life and desire to escape from them

c. poet and forces of nature

iii. After reading the poem we

a. feel fed up of life

b. wish to sleep for a long time

c. get ready to face the challenges of life

iv. The poem conveys to us only

a. a surface meaning

b. profound thought

c. no meaning at all

v. Dark woods symbolize

a. darkness spread around the poet

b. death and departure to another world

c. darkness in the mind of poet

A. Replace each of the following underlined Adjective Phrases by an Adjective.

1. He wore a turban made of silk.

2. He is a man without a friend.

3. Nobody likes a person with bad temper.

4. It is of no use.

5. He is a man of sense.

B. Replace each of the following underlined Adverbs by an Adverb Phrase.

1. The pigeon flies swiftly.

2. He built his house there.

3’. He tried hard.

4. He spoke eloquently.

5. Did Sara behave well?

English 9 Unit 7 Sultan Ahmad Mosque

UNIT 7

Sultan Ahmad Mosque

1.       The Sultan Ahmad mosque is one of the most impressive monuments in the world. It is also known as Blue Mosque because of the blue tiles that embellish its interior. Situated in Istanbul, the largest city in Turkey and the capital of Ottoman Empire from 1453 to 1923, it has become the most popular tourist attraction.

2.       It was constructed between 1609 and 1616, during the rule of Ahmad I. As was the custom, this mosque like other mosques of the time, comprises a tomb of the founder, a madrassah and a hospice.

3.       Construction of the mosque started in 1609. The royal architect Sedefhar Mehmat Aga, was appointed by the Sultan as in-charge of the project. The opening ceremony was held in 1616. Unfortunately, the Sultan could not see the completion of the mosque in his life. It was completed in the reign of his successor Mustafa I.

4.       Blue Mosque reflects the architectural style of both Ottoman mosque and Byzentine church. Hagia Sophia, a mosque, one of the wonders of Muslim architecture, was also kept in view as a model. Blue Mosque even today is considered unmatched in splendour, majesty and size.

5.       The mosque has a spacious forecourt surrounded by a continuous vaulted arcade. It has ablution facilities on both sides. In the centre there is a fountain which is rather small in contrast with the magnitude of the courtyard. A heavy iron chain hangs in the upper part of the court entrance on the western side. This side was meant for the Sultan alone. The chain was put there so that the Sultan had to lower his head every time he entered the court. It was the symbolic gesture to ensure the humility of the ruler in the face of the divine.

6.       The interior of the mosque at the lower level is lined with more than 20,000 hand-made ceramic tiles in more than 50 different tulip designs. At gallery level the design becomes flamboyant with representation of flowers, fruit and cypresses.

7.       The upper level of the interior is adorned with blue paint. More than 200 stained glass windows with intricate designs allow natural light to brighten up its interior and the chandeliers further illuminate it with their glow. The decorations include verses from the holy Quran. The floors are covered with carpets.

8.       The most important element in the interior of the mosque is the mehrab, which is made of finely carved marble. To the right of the mehrab is a richly decorated pulpit. The mosque is so designed that even when it is most crowded, everyone in the mosque can hear and see the Imam.

9.       The royal room is situated at the south east corner. It has its own pulpit that used to be decorated with jade and roses.

10.     The Blue Mosque has six minarets. Four minarets stand one each at the four corners of the mosque. Each of these pencil shaped minarets has three balconies, while the two others at the end of the forecourt have only two balconies.

11.     In the evening, a large number of tourists and Turks gather in the park facing the mosque to hear the call to the evening prayers. The mosque is flooded with lights and so are the hearts of the believers with divine love. Though much has been lost of Blue Mosque over the years yet it has not lost the love of its visitors. The mosque is still one of the most frequently visited monuments of the world.

EXERCISES SOLUTION: Sultan Ahmad Mosque

Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions.

1. Why Sultan Ahmad Mosque is also known as Blue Mosque?

2. Who was appointed as the architect of the mosque?

3. Why was a heavy iron chain hung at the entrance of the court?

4. How does the interior of the mosque look?

5. Why do you think Madrassah and hospice was part of the mosque?

6. Who constructed Mosque Sophia?

Vocabulary

A. Consult a thesaurus and find out the synonyms of the following words.

embellish, integrate, splendor, majesty, illuminate

B. Circle the correct antonyms from the given choices of the underlined words.

1. The Sultan mosque is one of the most impressive monuments in the world.

a. ugly                  b. unimpressive    c. remarkable

2. Situated in Istanbul, the largest city in Turkey.

a. smallest            b. greatest             c. populated

3. A heavy iron chain hangs in the upper part of the court entrance on the western side.

a. big                    b. bold                  c. light

4. The upper level of the interior is adorned with blue paint.

a. lower                b. outer                 c. higher

5. The floors are covered with carpets.

a. spread              b. exposed            c. decorated

C. Use the following words in sentences.

impressive, dexterously, spacious, humility, flamboyant

D. What do the following abbreviations stand for?

USA, UK, UAE, ICU, MBBS, PhD, M.Phil, PAF, NADRA, UN, ISSB, WAP DA,

PTB, MNA, MPA, IMF, WHO, WTO, UNESCO, UNICEF

Grammar

Position of Adverbs

A. Place the adverbs at appropriate positions.

1. She comes here. (often)

2. He goes to Lahore. (sometimes)

3. The teacher was late. (hardly ever)

4. We are tired by the end of the day. (usually)

5. I have posted a letter to them. (just)

6. He did his work. (carefully)

B. Complete this table with appropriate adverbs of degree.

Positive degree     Comparative degree       Superlative degree

kept much            ----------------------------              ----------------------------

sang beautifully    ----------------------------              ----------------------------

slept little             ----------------------------              ----------------------------

looked good         ----------------------------              ----------------------------

arrived early        ----------------------------              ----------------------------

C. Use above degrees of comparison in sentences as given in example.

1. They came early this morning.

2. I came earlier.

3. He came earliest of all.

D. Put for or since in the blanks.

1. I have been studying __________ 3 hours.

2. I have been watching TV ___________ 7pm.

3. Tara hasn't been feeling well __________ 2 weeks.

4. Tara hasn't been visiting us __________ March.

5. He has been playing football _________ a longtime.

6. He has been living in Bangkok ___________ he left school.